The Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) has announced that Spain's restrictions on access to its ports for cargo connected to Israel may violate U.S. shipping laws. This could lead to potential fines and other penalties.

FMC is intensifying its investigation into Spain's port access limitations, noting that Spanish authorities have maintained a policy that has prevented at least three U.S.-flagged ships from entering since November 2024, with these restrictions still ongoing.

This investigation expands on an initial inquiry from December 2024, now focusing on Spain's continuous refusal to allow entry for vessels carrying cargo related to Israel and how this affects U.S. international trade.

The Commission indicated, “It seems that the laws or regulations enforced by Spain are likely creating unfavorable conditions for U.S. shipping in foreign trade,” in the most recent update.

The FMC is considering several enforcement options, such as restricting cargo, denying entry to Spanish vessels at U.S. ports, or imposing fines that could reach up to $2.3 million for each trip.

Background

This investigation began after incidents in November 2024 when Spanish authorities denied entry to the Maersk Denver and Maersk Seletar, both U.S.-flagged ships operated by Maersk Line, Limited, after they left New York. Maersk Line is a significant provider of shipping services for the U.S. government and military.

The Commission noted that no final decision has been made yet and that any actions will align with its legal responsibilities and the evidence available. The FMC has also opened the issue for public comments, allowing stakeholders to submit their information starting December 22, 2025, via the Federal Register.